Effect Sizes for Estimating Differential Item Functioning Influence at the Test Level

Assessing Differential Item Functioning on the Test of Relational Reasoning

The test of relational reasoning (TORR) is designed to assess the ability to identify complex patterns within visuospatial stimuli. The TORR is designed for use in school and university settings, and therefore, its measurement invariance across diverse groups is critical. In this investigation, a large sample, representative of a major university on key demographic variables, was collected, and...

A Comparison of Methods for Estimating Conditional Item Score Difference in Differential Item Functioning (DIF) Assessments

Measuring differential item and test functioning across academic disciplines

Differential item functioning (DIF) is when a test item favors or hinders a characteristic exhibited by group members of a test-taking population. DIF analyses are statistical procedures used to determine to what extent the content of an item affects the item endorsement of sub-groups of test-takers. If DIF is found for many items on the test, the final test scores do not represent the same mea...

gender differential item functioning analysis of the university of tehran english proficiency test

the university of tehran english proficiency test (utept) is a high-stakes entrance examination taken by more than 10,000 master’s degree holders annually. the examinees’ scores have a significant influence on the final decisions concerning admission to the university of tehran ph.d. programs. as a test validation investigation, the present study, which is a bias detection research in nature, u...

Differential Item Functioning (DIF) in Terms of Gender in the Reading Comprehension Subtest of a High-Stakes Test

Validation is an important enterprise especially when a test is a high stakes one. Demographic variables like gender and field of study can affect test results and interpretations. Differential Item Functioning (DIF) is a way to make sure that a test does not favor one group of test takers over the others. This study investigated DIF in terms of gender in the reading comprehension subtest (35 i...